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The Biblical view of the Church includes all believers. While we know that some of the local churches were established by Paul, some were established by Apollos and some like the Ephesians had spread from John the Baptist's teachings. Paul told us that each member of Christ's body has an important function to do in order to maintain a healthy church. To further his illustration, it wouldn't be a pretty sight if Christ's body is severed into several parts. No, the body of Christ is one body consisting of all true believers.
Church is the term used in the New Teatament to describe a group of persons professing trust in Jesus Christ, meeting together to worship Him, and seeking to enlist others to become His followers. The characteristic of the church in the New Testament is devotion to Jesus Christ as Lord. Jesus established the church under His authority (Matt. 16:13-20) and created the foundation for its existence in His redeemig death and demonstration of God's power in His ressurection. Christ's position as the Lord evoked, sustained and governed the life of the church in the way members were admitted, treated one another, witnessed to His power, worshipiped and lived in hope of His return. Paul could not have established the original church. Note that Paul a Pharisee(more specifically a Hellenistic Jew --Acts 21:39) persecuted the christains and would arrest them during their time of meet for service, for elevating Christ (to Lorship) whom he saw as just a prophet another man. Paul did not come into the picture as follower of Messaih until after his conversion on the way to Damasus to persecute the followers of Jesus Christ.(Acts 9)
The church established in Corinth is separate from the church in Jerusalem in geography but not in identity. "To the church of God in Corinth" as St Paul begins his letter. It is the same church. (1 Corinthians 1:2)
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