Hebrews 8:7 - 8
ESV - 7 For if that first covenant had been faultless, there would have been no occasion to look for a second. 8 For he finds fault with them when he says: "Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will establish a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah.
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In the same way He also took the cup after supper and said, “This cup is the new covenant established by My blood; it is shed for you." (Luke 22:20) With these words at the Last Supper Jesus declared the New Covenant that would supercede the old covenant. All covenant agreements involved blood, and Jesus' sacrifice on our behalf, once for all, on the cross the next day fulfilled the Law and the Prophets and ushered in a new age. Now is the time (the "last days") when ordinary people, Jews and Gentiles alike, can approach the throne of God with confidence, having been washed free of their inborn sinfulness! Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens — Jesus the Son of God — let us hold fast to the confession. For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but One who has been tested in every way as we are, yet without sin. Therefore let us approach the throne of grace with boldness, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help us at the proper time. (Heb 4:14-16) This is according to His eternal purpose accomplished in the Messiah, Jesus our Lord. In Him we have boldness and confident access through faith in Him. (Eph 3:11-12)
Paul is quoting another scripture from the OT explaining that the time it was talking about was fulfilled through Jesus. The laws were not changed but the conditions of the covenant has been changed through Jesus. Jesus created a new better covenant.
God's old covenant with Israel will be replaced by God's new covenant with Israel when it is established at Christ's second coming, Israel's "times of refreshing" (Acts 3:19). The new covenant was made possible by Christ's shed blood at Calvary, which is also the literal point the new testament begins (Hebrews 8:8). It is at this time that Israel as a nation will finally be the people God chose them to be. They will become God's nation of priests to the world as was God's plan for them all along (Exodus 19:6). Unlike us today who are required to study God's Word for understanding (2 Tim 2:15), It is at this time that God's new covenant with Israel will be written in the people of Israel's hearts and minds: Hebrews 8:10 "For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people:" We today are offered something much greater than a covenant. We are so blessed to be living during the time know as God's dispensation of grace (Eph 3:2), where we are offered the free gift of salvation through faith alone in Jesus Christ and His shed blood (Eph 2:8). 1 Corinthians 15:1-4 King James Version "Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand; 2 By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain. 3 For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; 4 And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures:"
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