The question of a biblical civil obedience movement has been raised. The answers deal with the biblical contexts and the nations where Christians were a major population. The case of Indian civil disobedience against the British has special aspects. Gandhi himself felt that he followed Tolstoy and it was biblical.
Romans 13:1 - 7
ESV - 1 Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God. 2 Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment.
For follow-up discussion and general commentary on the topic. Comments are sorted chronologically.